Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation

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IN THE MATTER OF MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION CONSENT ORDER, ETC., INREGARD TO ALLEGED VIOLATION OF THE FAIR CREDIT REPORTING ACT AND SEC. 5 OF THE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACT Docket C-3361. Complaint, Jan. 3, 1992--Decision, Jan. 3, 1992 This consent order requires, among other things, the Missouri-based corporation to comply with the consumer disclosure provisions of the Fair Credit Reporting Act for job applicants, and to mail to applicants denied employment, based on a consumer report from a consumer credit reporting agency, letters stating the name and address of the consumer reporting agency that supplied the respondent with the reports.

Appearances For the Commission: Cynthia S. Lamb and David Medine. For the respondent: Kenneth Heininger, St. Louis, MO. COMPLAINT Pursuant to the provisions of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. 1681 et seg., and the Federal Trade Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 41 et seq., and by virtue of the authority vested in it by said Acts, the Federal Trade Commission having reason to believe that McDonnell Douglas Corporation, a corporation, hereinafter referred to as respondent, has violated the provisions of said Acts, and it appearing to the Commission that a proceeding by it in respect thereof would be in the public interest, hereby issues its complaint, stating its charges in that respect as follows: DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this complaint, the following definitions are applicable. The terms consumer, consumers 1 13 1 2 6 1463 2676 147 45 84.534035 report, and consu-4 1 13 1 3 0 526 2731 1335 52 -1 5 1 13 1 3 1 526 2749 76 24 96.654739 mers 1 13 1 3 2 625 2737 181 46 96.782677 reporting5 1 13 1 3 3 832 2737 155 45 95.498619 agency shall be defined as provided in Sections Complaint 115 F.T.C.

603(c), 603(d), and 603(f), respectively, of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. 1681, 1681a(c), 1681a(d) and 168 1a(f). PARAGRAPH 1. Respondent McDonnell Douglas Corporation is a corporation organized, existing and doing business under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Maryland, with its office and a principal place of business located at P. O. Box 516, Saint Louis, MO.

PAR. 2. Respondent, in the ordinary course and conduct of its business, uses information in consumer reports obtained from consumer reporting agencies in the consideration, acceptance, and denial of applicants for employment with respondent. PAR. 3. The acts and practices of respondent alleged in this complaint have been in or affecting commerce, as commerce is defined in the Federal Trade Commission Act. PAR. 4. Respondent, in the ordinary course and conduct of its business, has denied applications or rescinded offers for employment with respondent based in whole or in part on information supplied by a consumer reporting agency, but has failed to advise consumers that the information so supplied contributed to the adverse action taken on their applications or offers for employment, and has failed to advise consumers of the name and address of the consumer reporting agency that supplied the information.

PAR. 5. By and through the use of the practices described in paragraph four, respondent has violated the provisions of Section 615(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. 1681m/(a). PAR. 6. By its aforesaid failure to comply with Section 615(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act and pursuant to Section 621(a) thereof, respondent has engaged in unfair or deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce in violation of Section 5(a)(1) of the Federal Trade Commission Act.

Commissioner Yao not participating.

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION 35 33 Decision and Order DECISION AND ORDER The Federal Trade Commission having initiated an investigation of certain acts and practices of the respondent named in the caption hereof, and the respondent having been furnished thereafter with a copy of a draft of complaint which the Bureau of Consumer Protection proposed to present to the Commission for its consideration, and which, if issued by the Commission, would charge respondent with violation of Section 615(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act and Section 5(a) of the Federal Trade Commission Act; and The respondent, its attorney, and counsel for the Commission having thereafter executed an agreement containing a consent order, an admission by the respondent of all the jurisdictional facts set forth in the aforesaid draft of the complaint, a statement that the signing of said agreement is for settlement purposes only and does not constitute an admission by respondent that the law has been violated as alleged in such complaint, and waivers and other provisions as required by the Commission's Rules; and The Commission having thereafter considered the matter and having determined that it had reason to believe that the respondent has violated the said Acts, and that complaint should issue stating its charges in that respect, and having thereupon accepted the executed consent agreement and placed such agreement on the public record for a period of sixty (60) days, now in further conformity with the procedure prescribed in Section 2.34 of its Rules, the Commission hereby issues its complaint, makes the following jurisdictional findings, and enters the following order:

1. Respondent McDonnell Douglas Corporation is a corporation organized, existing and doing business under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Maryland, with its office and a principal place of business located at P.O. Box 516, Saint Louis, MO. 2. The Federal Trade Commission has jurisdiction of the subject matter of this proceeding and of the respondent, and the proceeding is in the public interest.

Decision and Order 115 F.T.C.

ORDER For the purpose of this order, the terms consumer, consumer4 1 4 1 2 0 672 776 1335 56 -1 5 1 4 1 2 1 672 776 146 45 75.120552 report,”5 1 4 1 2 2 834 776 67 36 96.073586 ands 1 4 1 2 3 917 777 207 36 95.175568 consumer reporting agency" shall be defined as provided in Sections 603(c), 603(d), and 603(f), respectively, of the Fair Credit Reporting Act, 15 U.S.C. 1681, 1681a(c), 1681a(d), and 168 1a(f).

I, It is ordered, That respondent McDonnell Douglas Corporation, a corporation, its successors and assigns, and its officers, agents, representatives, and employees, directly or through any corporation, subsidiary, division, or other device, in connection with any application for employment, do forthwith cease and desist from: 1. Failing, whenever employment is denied either wholly or partly because of information contained in a consumer report from a consumer reporting agency, to disclose to the applicant for employment at the time such adverse action is communicated to the applicant (a) that the adverse action was based wholly or partly on information contained in such a report and (b) the name and address of the consumer reporting agency making the report. Respondent shall not be held liable for a violation of Section 615 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act if it shows by a preponderance of the evidence that at the time of the alleged violation it maintained reasonable procedures to assure compliance with Section 615(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act.

2. Failing, within ninety (90) days after the date of service of this order, to mail two (2) copies of the letter attached hereto as Appendix A, completed to provide the name and address of the consumer reporting agency supplying the report and to state the reasons for the denial of employment with respondent based wholly or partly on information contained in the report, to each applicant who was denied employment by McDonnell Douglas Corporation between June 1, 1989, and the date this order is issued, based in whole or in part on information contained in a consumer report from a consumer reporting agency, such copies of the letter to be sent first MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION 37 33 Decision and Order class mail to the last known address of the applicant that is reflected in respondent's files, and accompanied by a copy of the Federal Trade Commission brochure attached hereto as Appendix B, copies of which are to be provided by respondent. Copies of the letter attached as Appendix A need not be sent to any applicant who is denied employment with respondent during the time period specified above if the applicant's application file clearly shows that respondent McDonnell Douglas Corporation has previously given the applicant notification that complies in all respects with the provisions of paragraph I. 1 of this order.

II.

It is further ordered, That respondent, its successors, and assigns shall maintain for at least five (5) years and upon request shall make available to the Federal Trade Commission for inspection and copying, documents demonstrating compliance with the requirements of Part I of this order, such documents to include, but not be limited to, all employment evaluation criteria relating to consumer reports, instructions given to employees regarding compliance with the provisions of this order, all notices provided to consumers pursuant to any provisions of this order, and the complete application files for all applicants for whom consumer reports were obtained for whom offers of employment are not made or have been withheld, withdrawn, or rescinded based, in whole or in part, on information contained in a consumer report.

Il.

It is further ordered, That respondent shall deliver a copy of this order at least once per year for a period of four (4) years from the date of this order, to all persons responsible for the respondent's compliance with Section 615(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act. IV.

It is further ordered, That respondent shall, for a period of four (4) years from the date of this order, notify the Federal Trade Decision and Order 115 F.T.C.

Commission at least thirty (30) days prior to any proposed change in the corporate structure of respondent such as dissolution, assignment, or sale resulting in the emergence of a successor operation, the creation or dissolution of subsidiaries or divisions, or any other change in the corporation which may affect compliance obligations arising out of the order.

V.

It is further ordered, That respondent shall, within one hundred twenty (120) days of service of this order, file with the Federal Trade Commission a report, in writing, setting forth in detail the manner and form in which it has complied with this order. Commissioner Yao not participating.

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION 39 33 Decision and Order APPENDIX A Date Jane Doe Street Name City, State, 00000 Dear Ms. Doe:

Sometime since June 1989, (MDC Component) ceased further processing of your employment application. This letter is to advise you that information contained in a consumer credit report may have been used, among other factors, in the decision by (MDC Component) to cease further processing of your employment application. (MDC Component) obtained your consumer credit report from: Name, Address, Telephone Number of consumer reporting agency furnishing the report. Please contact the agency listed above if you would like to learn more about the information contained in your file there. Federal law entitles you to review your credit file for free if you were denied employment and you ask to review the file within thirty (30) days of receiving this notice. A brochure explaining your rights under the Fair Credit Reporting Act is enclosed. If you want more information about your rights, write to the Federal Trade Commission, Division of Credit Practices, Washington, D.C. 20580. Sincerely, Name Component Employment Manager Decision and Order APPENDIX B Fair Credit Reporting If you've ever applied for a charge account, a personal loan, insurance, or a job, someone is probably keeping a file on you. This file might contain informauon on how you pay your bills, or whether you've been sued, arrested, or have filed for bankruptcy. The companies thar gather and sell this information are called “Consumer Reporting Agencies,” or “CRAS.” The most common type of CRA is the credit bureau. The information sold by CRAs to creditors, employers, i and other busi is called a “consumer report” This generally contains information about where you work and live and about your bill-paying habits. In 1970, Congress passed the Fair Credit Reporting Act to give consumers specific rights in dealing with CRAs. The Act protects you by requiring credit bureaus to furnish correct and complete information to busi 10 use in eval ng your applications for credit, insurance, or a job. The Federal Trade Commission enforces the Fair Credit Reporting Act. Here are answers to some quesiions about consumer reports and CRAs: Bow do I locase the CRA that has my file? If your application was denied because of information supplied by a CRA. that agency's name and address must be supplied to you by the company you applied to. Otherwise, you can find the CRA that has your ic by calling those listed in the Yellow Pages under “credit” or “credit rating and reporting ~ Since more than one CRA may have a file about you, call each one listed until you locate all agencies maintaining your file.

Do I have the right to know what the report sxys? Yes, if you request it The CRA is required to tell you about every piece of information in the report and, in most cases, the sources of that information. Medical information 1s exempt from this rule, but you can have your physician try to obtain it for you. The CRA is not required to give you a copy of the report, although more and more are doing so. You also have the right to be told the name of anyone who received a report on you In the past six months. (If your inquiry concems a job application, you can get the names of those who received a report during the past two years.) Is thie information free? Yes, if your application was denied because of information furnished by the CRA, and if you request it within 30 days of receiving the denial notice. If you don't meet these requirements, the CRA may charge a reasonable fee.

What can { do if the information is inaccurate or incomplete? Notify the CRA They're required to reinvestigate the items in question. If the new investigation reveals an error, a corrected version will be sent, on your request, to anyone who received your report in the Past six months. (Job applicants can have corrected reports sent to anyone who received a copy during the past two years.) What can I do if the CRA won't modify the report? The new investigation may not resolve your dispute with the CRA If this happens, have the CRA include your version or a summary of your version of the disputed information in your file and in future reports. At your request, the CRA will also show your version to anyone who recently received a copy of the old report There is no charge for this service if it’s requested within 30 days after you FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ‘BUREAU OF CONSUMER PROTECTION MCDONNELL DOUGLAS CORPORATION Decision and Order receive notice of your application denial. After that, there may be a reasonabie charge. Do I have to go in persoa to get the information? No, you may also request information over the phone. But before the CRA will provide any information, you must establish your identity by completing forms they will send you. If you do wish (o visit in person, you'll need to make an appointment. Are reports prepared on and job app diferent? If a report is prepared on you in response to an insurance or job application, it may be an # consumer report These are much more detailed than regular reports. They often involve interviews with acquaintances about your lifestyle, character, and reputation. Unlike regular consumer reports, you'll be notified in writing when a company orders an investigative report about you. This notice will also explain your right to ask for additional information about the report from the company you applied to. if your application is rejected, however, you may prefer to obtain a complete disclosure by contacting the CRA, as oudined in this brochure. Note that the CRA does not have to reveal the sources of the investigative information. How long can CRA’ report unfrrorable information? Generally seven years. Adverse information cant be reported after that, wi.h certain exceptions: Q bankruptcy informarion can be reported for 10 years; Q information reported because of an application for a job with a salary of more than $20,000 has no time limitation;

O information reported because of an application for more than $50,000 worth of credit or life insurance has no time limitation;

O information concerning a lawsuit or judgment against you can be reported for seven years or until the statute of limitations runs out, whichever is longer. Can arryoore get a copy of the report? No, it’s only given to those with a legitimate business need. Are there other iews I should know about? Yes, if you applied for and were denied credit, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act requires creditors to tell you the specific reasons for your denial. For example, the creditor must tell you whether the denial was because you have “no credit file” with a CRA or because the CRA says you have “delinquent obligations.” This law also requires creditors to consider, upon request, additional information you mught supply about your credit history.

You may wish to obtain the reason for denial from the creditor before you go to the credit bureau.

Do women have special problems with credit Marned and formerly married women may encounter some common credit-related problems. For more information, write the FTC for 2 free brochure on “Women and Credit Histories” at the address listed below.

Where should I report violations of the irw? Although the FTC can't act as your lawyer in private disputes, information about your experiences and concerns is vital to the enforcement of the Fair Credit Reporting Act Please send questions or c laints to the FTC, Washington, DC 20580. Federal Trade Comission FIRST CLASS MAIL Washingson. DC. 20580 POSTAGE & FEES PAID Official Business. Penalty Federal Trade Commission Foe Private Use: $300 Permit No. G-62 4] Concurring Statement 115 F.T.C.

CONCURRING STATEMENT OF COMMISSIONER MARY L. AZCUENAGA I have voted to accept the consent orders, which prohibit Kobacker and Macy's from violating Section 615(a) of the Fair Credit Reporting Act. I would have preferred, however, that the orders make the proposed consumer redress -- free copies of credit reports -more clearly available.

Under the Act, a consumer may obtain a free copy of his or her credit report if the credit report was the basis for adverse employment action. Without this link, the credit reporting agencies are permitted by the Act to imposes 1 4 2 4 6 1196 1187 19 23 94.604118 a5 1 4 2 4 7 1245 1176 210 35 96.353958 reasonable5 1 4 2 4 8 1485 1176 159 45 82.223206 charge. Because neither Kobacker nor Macy's is required by the order to tell consumers that adverse action may have been based on a credit report, consumers must depend on the willingness of the reporting agencies voluntarily to provide free copies.

The difference between Paragraph IV in the Kobacker, McDonnell Douglas and Macy's orders and the same paragraph in the Keystone order raises a question about fairness to respondents. Certain reporting requirements that are standard in Commission orders are limited to four years for Kobacker and McDonnell Douglas and to six years to Macy's, but Keystone's obligation is not limited in time. There is no apparent justification for treating these similarly situated respondents differently. This inconsistency, with its potential for unfairness to respondents, is just one of the costs of treating standard Commission order provisions as negotiable. MACY’S NORTHEAST, INC., ET AL. 43 43 Complaint