Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative

Text (OCR of the scan at left; may contain errors)

In THE Matter oF FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. COMPLAINT, FINDINGS, AND ORDER IN REGARD TO THE ALLEGED VIOLATION OF SUBSEC. (a) OF SEC. 2 OF AN ACT OF CONGRESS APPROVED OCT. 15, 1914, AS AMENDED BY AN ACT APPROVED JUNE 19, 1936 Docket 5640. Complaint, Feb. 18, 1949—Decision, July 14, 1952 Where a cérporate cooperative association, engaged in the canning of citrus fruit juice products processed from fruit obtained principally from its members, and in the competitive interstate sale and distribution thereof to customers competitively engaged with each other and with the customers of said association, also competitors, in the purchase and resale of such products within their respective trade areas; In selling its said products to the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company chain grocery system which, with its parent company and subsidiary organizations and affiliates, constituted the largest purchasers of retail grocery products within the United States, with warehouses in some thirty cities, and during the 1945-46 canning season purchased about 750,000 cases of said association’s “Donald Duck” brand citrus products— Discriminated in price between purchasers competing in the resale of its products of like grade and quality by selling to some at lower prices than it sold to others, and thereby discriminated in favor of said A & P system ; With the result that the aforesaid system, as recipient of discriminatory price benefits aggregating some $600,000, was enabled to retail said “Donald Duck” citrus fruit juice products at a decided price advantage over competitive retailers selling said cooperative’s products of like grade and quality in the areas involved ;

Effect of which discriminations was, and might be, to substantially lessen competition in the sale and distribution of citrus fruit juice products in the respective lines of commerce in which said cooperative and its customers were engaged, and to injure, destroy or prevent competition in the sale and distribution of said products with it and its customers who received the benefits of said discriminatory prices:

Heid, That such discriminations in price, under the circumstances set forth, constituted violations of Sec. 2 (a) of the Clayton Act, as amended. Mr. Eldon P. Schrup and Mr. James S. Kelaher for the Commission. Mr. Counts Johnson, of Tampa, Fla., for respondents. ComMPLAINT The Federal Trade Commission, having reason to believe that the parties respondent named in the caption hereof, and hereinafter more particularly designated and described, since June 19, 1936, have violated and are now violating the provisions of section 2 (a) of the Clayton Act (U.S. C. Title 15, sec. 13), as amended by the Robinson- Complaint 49 F.T.C.

Patman Act, approved June 19, 1936, hereby issues its complaint, stating its charges with respect thereto as follows: Paracrapy 1. Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative is a corporate cooperative association organized, existing and doing business under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Florida, with its principal office and place of business located at Lake Wales, Florida. Said cooperative association, under the management and control of various officers, directors and members since its inception and now, is engaged in the business of the canning for sale of citrus fruit juice products processed from fruit obtained principally from association members.

Representative of the officers, directors and members of said association are the following for the 1945-1946 canning season: President, Mr. H. S. Norman.

First Vice President, Mr. D. A. Hunt.

Second Vice President, Mr. W. J. Hanley.

Exec. Vice Pres. and General Manager, Mr. L. G. Foster. Vice Pres. in Charge of Sales, Mr. C. P. Fish. Secretary & Treasurer, Mr. Lee A. Wheeler. Assistant Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. Ray M. Moore. Avon Park Citrus Growers Association, Avon Park, Florida, with Director representative Mr. E. G. Todd, Avon Park, Florida. Chase Investment Company, Sanford, Florida, with Director repr esentative Mr. Sydney O. Chase, Jr., Sanford, Florida. Citrus Grove Development Company, Babson Park, Florida, with Director representative Mr. A. H. Stafford, Babson Park, Florida. Dundee Citrus Growers Association, Dundee, Florida, with Director representative Mr. L. P. Kinsey, Winter Haven, Florida. Great Southern Citrus Association, Winter Haven, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. L. Smith, Winter Haven, Florida. Haines City Citrus Growers Association, Haines City, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. E. Strohm, Davenport, Florida. Hunt Bros. Cooperative, Lake Wales, Florida, with Director representative Mr. D. A. Hunt, Lake Wales, Florida. Lake Byrd Citrus Packing Company, Avon Park, Florida, with Director representative Mr. C. H. Walker, Avon Park, Florida. Mountain Lake Corporation, Lake Wales, Florida, with Director representative Mr. W. J. Hanley, Lake Wales, Florida. South Lake Apopka Citrus Growers Association, Oakland, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. C. Tilden, Winter Garden, Florida.

FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. 39 37 Complaint Umatilla Citrus Growers Association, Umatilla, Florida, with Director representative Mr. C. B. Hipson, Umatilla, Florida. Waverly Growers Cooperative, Waverly, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. S. Norman, Lake Wales, Florida. Winter Haven Citrus Growers Association, Winter Haven Florida, with Director representative, Mr. G. B. Ayerigg, Winter Haven, Florida.

Par. 2. Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative since June 19, 1936 and now, in the course and conduct of its said business, sells and distrib- ‘utes the aforesaid products in commerce to purchasers thereof located in the various States of the United States, and causes said products, when sold, to be shipped and transported from its place of business in the State of Florida to the purchasers thereof located in the various States of the United States other than and including the State of origin of such shipments. There is and has been at all times mentioned herein, a constant current of trade and commerce in said products between Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative located in the State. of Florida; and its customers located in the various other States of the United States and in the District of Columbia. Said products are sold and distributed principally to wholesale grocers, super markets and chain stores for resale within and throughout the United States. In the course and conduct of its business, as aforesaid, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative has been, and is now, engaged in substantial competition, in commerce, with other canners, sellers and distributors of citrus fruit juice products, who, for many years prior hereto, have been and are now engaged in canning, selling and distributing such products, in commerce, across State lines, to purchasers thereof located in the various States of the United States and in the District of Columbia. Many of Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s customers are competitively engaged with each other and with the customers of said association’s competitors in the purchase and resale of such products within the trade areas in which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s said customers respectively offer for sale and sell such products so purchased.

Par. 3. Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative, in the furtherance of the said sale and distribution of its said citrus fruit juice products, periodically publishes and causes to be distributed to the trade, price bulletins, telegrams and other material descriptive of said products and the prices at which said products are at such time available for purchase.

Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative operates in a competitive market subject to fluctuating prices, and said association’s said prices Complaint 49 FL T.C.

when so offered as above will approximate or equal the prices then offered or effected by other canners competing with Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative in the sale and distribution of similar products of like grade and quality at such times, and collectively such prices will represent the then prevailing market price for such products. During the 1945-1946 canning season, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative sold and distributed for resale throughout the United States approximately three and one-half million cases of its said citrus fruit juice products of like grade and quality, the preponderance of which products were sold and distributed under Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s “Donald Duck” label, which represents a nationally advertised brand of well developed consumer recognition and acceptance. Par. 4. In the course and conduct of its business, as hereinabove described, since June 19, 1936, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative has been and is now discriminating in price between different purchasers of its products of like grade and quality by selling said products to some of its customers at lower prices than it sells such products of like grade and quality to other of its customers, many of whom are competitively engaged, one with the other, in the resale of such products within the United States.

Par. 5. The following designated Table “A” discloses the prevailing prices and the effective dates within the 1945-1946 canning season at which Florida Citrus Canners Coperative’s citrus fruit juice products of like grade and quality, under “Donald Duck” labels and otherwise, were offered for sale and sold and distributed by said association to some, but not all, of said association’s buyer-customers : ET AL, FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE Complaint $8°T GL8°T GPP |5 1 24 1 1 5 1364 1100 19 23 59.825951 0S5 1 24 1 1 6 1364 1132 18 18 52.316406 > SO0°% $10 °% $6 °F 00°S Gh GLP TT ogg OPI ‘22 dy OL‘T SOL °T Ol’? Slo 06 °T S26 'T 09 ‘b c9O"h SET GLE 'T GO'E OF6I ‘81 Ady 09°T S29 T5 1 24 1 3 4 1316 942 18 49 10.928314 S8°S5 1 24 1 3 5 1315 1100 18 24 63.148277 065 1 24 1 3 6 1314 1132 19 17 12.136604 °S5 1 24 1 3 7 1313 1269 20 24 67.427597 085 1 24 1 3 8 1314 1301 18 16 0.000000 ‘T5 1 24 1 3 9 1312 1414 19 60 0.000000 S@8'T5 1 24 1 3 10 1312 1571 19 25 0.000000 SE5 1 24 1 3 11 1312 1603 19 17 0.000000 'b5 1 24 1 3 12 1311 1729 19 49 43.422966 OFFS 1 24 1 3 13 1310 1899 19 47 0.000000 Sets 1 24 1 3 14 1310 2043 19 61 29.364136 SLE‘5 1 24 1 3 15 1309 2370 19 24 0.000000 GB5 1 24 1 3 16 1309 2401 19 18 0.000000 E OFT ‘Ot dy SLE ‘1 Ort 08 '§ GE" $29 °T 0L°T 00°F GO0'F OTT SOL ‘T 3% OPEL ‘1% YO SE 1$ GLE I$ 06 “Es GB tS 09 I$5 1 24 1 5 11 1264 1413 19 37 11.825096 S295 1 24 1 5 12 1263 1458 22 29 46.419724 I$ GL Es 8 “Eh $20 1S OL I$ OSH fe OPEL ‘81 Your SALVA VAILOGAAT ‘sop sod | ‘zop aod | jog .ZOP ede ‘zop sad | “zop aod /20p “Zop ‘zop.i0od | -zop aod .20p “20D : y, v/s ome dod *asun wad y/S |. iM aod *msun aod y/g : ASUN GZ | VISTI | zo g¢/gr | “zogpler | MSN} VISCHZ | “zo gpiet | “cooper | “MSM 2/Ie| VISE | ro gyat | “20 op/et “UL ‘Soe MM OMT *q 07) ‘sdoLid 3ul[[ag saint popudrg aor asuvi9 sont yimayode.p V aiavy, Complaint 49 F.T.C.

Par. 6. The New York Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, Inc. and subsidiary organizations and affiliates comprising The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company chain grocery system, are the largest. purchasers and retailers of grocery products within the United States. Among the warehouses operated for and supplying the retail stores of said system with such products for resale in their respective areas, are those located as follows:

Albany, New York Jacksonville, Florida Altoona, Pennsylvania Louisville, Kentucky Atlanta, Georgia Milwaukee, Wisconsin Baltimore, Maryland Newark, New Jersey Birmingham, Alabama New Orleans, Louisiana Boston, Massachusetts New York, New York Buffalo, New York Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Charlotte, North Carolina Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ’ Chicago, Illinois Portland, Maine Cleveland, Ohio Richmond, Virginia Columbus, Ohio Scranton, Pennsylvania Des Moines, Iowa Springfield, Massachusetts Detroit, Michigan St. Louis, Missouri Grand Rapids, Michigan Toledo, Ohio Indianapolis, Indiana Youngstown, Ohio Par. 7. The following designated Table “B” discloses the selling prices to other buyer customers for the same or like grade and quality products and the comparable discriminatory prices and the effective dates within the 1945-1946 canning season at which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s “Donald Duck” labeled citrus fruit juice products were offered for sale and sold and distributed by said association to The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system for resale by the retail stores of said system located in the warehouse areas hereinabove set forth:

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Par. 8. The discriminatory prices reflected in Table “B” above were granted in numerous transactions by and between Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative and The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system which involved sales of approximately 750,000 cases of “Donald Duck” brand citrus fruit juice products offered for sale, sold and distributed to said system during the times set forth in said Table “B” at an aggregate purchase price of some $2,000,000.00. Said sales transactions disclosed said system to have been the recipient thereby of discriminatory price benefits aggregating $600,000.00 more or less, _ being the aggregate difference between the lesser purchase prices paid by said system for said products during said times and the comparable higher purchase prices offered to and paid by other buyercustomers of Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative for such products of like grade and quality during said times. The discriminatory prices at which said products were offered for sale, sold and distributed by Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative to The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system as afore-described enabled said system to retail “Donald Duck” labeled citrus fruit juice products as a decided sales price advantage over other retailers selling Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s products of like grade and quality in competitive resale in the areas concerned. The following designated Table “C” discloses the retail selling prices which The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system was enabled to effect in the competitive resale of such products in two representative areas in comparison with the purchase prices offered by and paid to Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative during such times by other customers purchasing such products of like grade and quality for resale in all areas including said areas: FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. 45 37 Findings TsaBLe C Purchase price per can, not including freight costs, . : offered to an seitine P retail A & P retail selling | paid by wholecan Repro. price per can—Rep- { salers, supersentative area resentative area markets, and No. 1 No. 2 chain stores for . resale in all areas including A & P Representative areas Nos, 1 and 2 Grapefruit juice: Cents Cents Cents 2/46 S, 29 | 27-22-21 -- eee eo eee 29.6 29 | 27___---_--._. 29, 2 13 | 11.7 (3 for 35) 12.3 24/2 uns 13 | 11.7 (8 for 35)... 12.1 Orange juice:

12/46 S/A 2-2 eee eee eee eee eee 40 } 38_---2-2-22 22. 41.7 12/46 unsw._ 40 | 38.. 41.3 16 | 16. 17.3 16 | 16__-----222.-.---- ee 17.1 36 | 34.--222-222----e eo eee 87.5 36 | 34_.___.--_-.-- 37.1 15 | 14.5 (2 for 29)_. 15.6 15 | 14.5 (2 for 29)-.------ 2. 15.4 Par. 9..The effect of the discriminations in prices as hereinabove’ set forth may be, has been, and is substantially to lessen competition in the sale and distribution of citrus fruit juice products in the respective lines of commerce in which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative and its recipient customers are engaged, and has been, and may be, to injure, destroy or prevent competition in the sale and distribution of said products with said association and with its customers who receive the benefits of such discriminatory prices. Par. 10. The foregoing discriminatory prices by said association between different purchasers of Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative citrus fruit juice products of like grade and quality in commerce as hereinbefore set forth, constitute violations of subsection (a) of section 2 of the Clayton Act (U.S. C. Title 15, Sec. 18), as amended by the Robinson-Patman Act, approved June 19, 1936. Report, Frnpines as To THE Facts, And ORDER Pursuant to the provisions of an Act of Congress entitled “An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes,” approved October 15, 1914 (the Clayton Act), as amended by an Act of Congress approved June 19, 1936 (the Robinson-Patman Act) (15 U.S. C. Sec. 18), the Federal Trade Commission on February 18, 1949, issued and subsequently served its complaint in this proceeding upon the respondent, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative, a corporate cooperative association, and upon 260133—55——_7 Findings 49 FLT. C.

its officers and directors and upon certain members of said cooperative association as representative of all the members of the association as a class, charging said Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative, its officers, directors, and members with having violated the provisions of subsection (a) of Section 2 of said Clayton Act, as amended by the Robinson-Patman Act.

After the issuance of said complaint and the filing of the respondents’ answer thereto, the respondents, pursuant to leave granted, withdrew said answer and filed in lieu thereof a substitute answer in which for the ptirpose of this proceeding the respondents admitted all of the material allegations of fact set forth in said complaint and waived all intervening procedure and further hearings as to said facts, but reserved to themselves the right of a hearing with oral argument and the filing of briefs before the Commission as to what order, if any, should be issued upon the facts admitted. Subsequently, counsel for the respondents waived oral argument and consented to submission of the matter to the Commission on the record as then constituted. hereafter, the proceeding regularly came on for final hearing before the Commission upon the complaint, the respondents’ substitute answer, a memorandum for disposition of the case filed by counsel in support of the complaint, attached to which was a proposed form of order to cease and desist, and brief filed by counsel for the respondents in which it was contended that no order to cease and desist should be issued herein, but that if an order is to be issued the order proposed was “probably as fair and reasonable to all parties concerned in its terms and provisions as any that could be issued.” The Commission, being of the opinion that the proposed form of order to cease and desist should be altered in certain material respects, declined to dispose of the proceeding by the entry of an order in the form recommended and, on. September 24, 1951, issued a tentative order which the Commission proposed to enter after making appropriate findings as to the facts and conclusion based upon and fully consistent with the facts alleged in the complaint and admitted in the substitute answer thereto, and gave the respondents leave to show cause why said tentative order should not be entered herein as the Commission’s order to cease and desist. The respondents on October 8, 1951, filed their “Objection to Tentative Order Issued September 24,1951”; and the Commission, having duly considered said objection and the matter as a whole and being now fully advised in the premises, makes this its findings as to the facts and its conclusion drawn therefrom:

FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. 47 37—CO« Findings FINDINGS AS TO THE FACTS Paracrarg 1. Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative is a corporate cooperative association organized, existing and doing business under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Florida, with its principal office and place of business located at Lake Wales, Florida. Said cooperative association, under the management and control of various officers, directors and members, since its inception has been and now is engaged in the business of the canning for sale of citrus fruit juice products processed from fruit obtained principally from association members.

Representative of the officers, directors and members of said association are the following for the 1945-1946 canning season: President, Mr. H. S. Norman.

First Vice President, Mr. D. A. Hunt.

Second Vice President, Mr. W. J. Hanley.

Executive Vice President and General Manager, Mr. L. G. Foster. Vice President in Charge of Sales, Mr. C. P. Fish. Secretary & Treasurer, Mr. Lee A. Wheeler. Assistant Secretary & Treasurer, Mr. Ray M. Moore. Avon Park Citrus Growers Association, Avon Park, Florida, with Director representative Mr. E. G. Todd, Avon Park, Florida. Chase Investment Company, Sanford, Florida, with Director representative Mr. Sydney O. Chase, Jr., Sanford, Florida. Citrus Grove Development Company, Babson Park, Florida, with Director representative Mr. A. H. Stafford, Babson Park, Florida. Dundee Citrus Growers Association, Dundee, Florida, with Director representative Mr. L. P. Kinsey, Winter Haven, Florida. Great Southern Citrus Association, Winter Haven, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. L. Smith, Winter Haven, Florida. Haines City Citrus Growers Association, Haines City, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. E. Strohm, Davenport, Florida. Hunt Bros. Cooperative, Lake Wales, Florida, with Director representative Mr. D. A. Hunt, Lake Wales, Florida. Lake Byrd Citrus Packing Company, Avon Park, Florida, with Director representative Mr. C. H. Walker, Avon Park, Florida. Mountain Lake Corporation, Lake Wales, Florida, with Director representative Mr. W. J. Hanley, Lake Wales, Florida. South Lake Apopka Citrus Growers Association, Oakland, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. C. Tilden, Winter Garden, Florida.

Findings 49 ¥.T.C.

Umatilla Citrus Growers Association, Umatilla, Florida, with Director representative Mr. C. B. Hipson, Umatilla, Florida. Waverly Growers Cooperative, Waverly, Florida, with Director representative Mr. H. 8. Norman, Lake Wales, Florida. Winter Haven Citrus Growers Association, Winter Haven, Florida, with Director representative, Mr. G. B. Aycrigg, Winter Haven, Florida.

Par. 2. In the course and conduct. of its business since June 19, 1936, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative has sold and distributed, and now sells and distributes, the aforesaid products in commerce to purchasers thereof located in the various States of the United States, and said respondent has caused and now causes said products, when sold, to be shipped and transported from its place of business in the State of Florida to the purchasers thereof located in the various States of the United States other than and including the state of origin of such shipments. There is now and at all times mentioned herein there has been a constant current of trade and commerce in said products between Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative, located in the State of Florida, and its customers located in the various other States of the United States and in the District of Columbia. Said products are sold and distributed principally to wholesale grocers, super markets and chain stores for resale within and throughout the United States.

In the course and conduct of its business, as aforesaid, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative has been, and is now, engaged in substantial competition in commerce with other canners, sellers and distributors of citrus fruit juice products, who, for many years prior hereto, have been and are now engaged in canning, selling and distributing such products in commerce to purchasers thereof located in the various States of the United States and in the District of Columbia. Many of Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s customers are competitively engaged with each other and with the customers of said association’s competitors in the purchase and resale of such products within the trade areas in which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s said customers respectively offer for sale and sell. such products so purchased. , Par. 3. Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative, in the furtherance of the said sale and distribution of its said citrus fruit juice products, periodically publishes and causes to be distributed to the trade price bulletins, telegrams and other material descriptive of said products and the prices at which said products are at such time available for purchase.

FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. 49 37 Findings Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative operates in a competitive market subject to fluctuating prices, and said association’s said prices when so offered as above will approximate or equal the prices then offered or effected by other canners competing with Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative in the sale and distribution of similar products of like grade and quality at such times, and collectively such prices will represent the then prevailing market price for such products. During the 1945-1946 canning season, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative sold and distributed for resale throughout the United States approximately three and one-half million cases of its said citrus fruit juice products of like grade and quality, the preponderance of which products were sold and distributed under Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s “Donald Duck” label, which represents a nationally advertised brand of well developed consumer recognition and acceptance.

Par. 4. In the course and conduct of its business, as hereinabove described, since June 19, 1936, and particularly during the 1945-1946 canning season, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative has discriminated in price as between different purchasers of its products of like grade and quality by selling said products to some of its customers at lower prices than it sold such products of like grade and quality to others of its customers, many of whom were competitively engaged, one with the other, in the resale of such products within the United States. Par. 5. The following designated Table “A” discloses the prevailing prices and the effective dates within the 1945-1946 canning season at which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s citrus fruit juice products of like grade and quality, under “Donald Duck” labels and otherwise, were offered for sale and sold and distributed by said association to some, but not all, of said association’s buyer-customers : 49 I. T.C.

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19 1 10 23 1259 2035 24 44 52.470898 W/S5 1 19 1 10 24 1259 2088 24 45 31.175934 cl5 1 19 1 10 25 1242 2153 54 19 43.208214 |5 1 19 1 10 26 1252 2192 15 32 40.934021 Zo5 1 19 1 10 27 1246 2233 24 57 41.608482 gets 1 19 1 10 28 1242 2315 54 14 65.197113 |5 1 19 1 10 29 1252 2349 15 33 31.793465 205 1 19 1 10 30 1246 2391 24 56 24.845512 ovat5 1 19 1 10 31 1246 2555 19 48 40.897026 “Lars 1 19 1 10 32 1226 2615 42 83 38.509018 SM5 1 19 1 10 33 1226 2707 39 61 12.278046 BUT4 1 19 1 11 0 1221 2533 24 242 -1 5 1 19 1 11 1 1221 2533 20 21 6.318665 *q5 1 19 1 11 2 1227 2566 14 20 47.397789 °O5 1 19 1 11 3 1221 2597 20 14 14.024742 ']5 1 19 1 11 4 1221 2621 24 61 11.696655 ‘suoyid5 1 19 1 11 5 1221 2724 20 51 2.962006 Surya4 1 19 1 12 0 1172 814 31 1446 -1 5 1 19 1 12 1 1180 814 23 59 36.020107 saint5 1 19 1 12 2 1179 881 20 103 1.596085 popudrg.5 1 19 1 12 3 1174 1455 25 58 54.069134 eof5 1 19 1 12 4 1174 1521 25 88 0.000000 adut1Q5 1 19 1 12 5 1172 2063 24 59 4.826500 eoinl5 1 19 1 12 6 1172 2130 25 130 0.000000 yinajodvay2 1 20 0 0 0 1149 2475 416 11 -1 3 1 20 1 0 0 1149 2475 416 11 -1 4 1 20 1 1 0 1149 2475 416 11 -1 5 1 20 1 1 1 1149 2475 416 11 95.000000 2 1 21 0 0 0 1150 1845 416 11 -1 3 1 21 1 0 0 1150 1845 416 11 -1 4 1 21 1 1 0 1150 1845 416 11 -1 5 1 21 1 1 1 1150 1845 416 11 95.000000 2 1 22 0 0 0 1153 1216 418 8 -1 3 1 22 1 0 0 1153 1216 418 8 -1 4 1 22 1 1 0 1153 1216 418 8 -1 5 1 22 1 1 1 1153 1216 418 8 95.000000 2 1 23 0 0 0 1130 584 36 2248 -1 3 1 23 1 0 0 1130 584 36 2248 -1 4 1 23 1 1 0 1130 584 36 2248 -1 5 1 23 1 1 1 1130 584 36 2248 95.000000 2 1 24 0 0 0 1092 1653 26 138 -1 3 1 24 1 0 0 1092 1653 26 138 -1 4 1 24 1 1 0 1092 1653 26 138 -1 5 1 24 1 1 1 1092 1653 26 24 53.567280 Vy5 1 24 1 1 2 1093 1695 24 96 41.128315 wavy, FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. 51 37 Findings Par. 6. The New York Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, Inc., and subsidiary organizations and affiliates comprising The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company chain grocery system are the largest purchasers and retailers of grocery products within the United States. Among the warehouses operated for and supplying the retail stores of said system with such products for resale in their respective areas are those located as follows:

Albany, New York Jacksonville, Florida Altoona, Pennsylvania Louisville, Kentucky Atlanta, Georgia Milwaukee, Wisconsin Baltimore, Maryland Newark, New Jersey Birmingham, Alabama New Orleans, Louisiana Boston, Massachusetts New York, New York Buffalo, New York Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Charlotte, North Carolina Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Chicago, Illinois Portland, Maine Cleveland, Ohio Richmond, Virginia Columbus, Ohio Scranton, Pennsylvania Des Moines, Iowa Springfield, Massachusetts Detroit, Michigan St. Louis, Missouri Grand Rapids, Michigan Toledo, Ohio Indianapolis, Indiana Youngstown, Ohio Par. 7. The following designated Table “B” discloses the selling prices to other buyer-customers for the same or like grade and quality products and the comparable discriminatory prices and the effective dates within the 1945-1946 canning season at which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s “Donald Duck” labeled citrus fruit juice products were offered for sale and sold and distributed by said association to The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system for resale by the retail stores of said system located in the warehouse areas hereinabove set forth:

Findings ¥ 8% 0°86 | | B63 6 8% 08% Ll § °8Z 0 “8% 69% ¥ SZ 008 96% eee CSC: | aa vr 801 801 8h 8+ LIL Lut Te I’ 8°8 88 (s7u09) Uwd Jeg S29 “O$ Ges “O$ oe '1$ oe I$ Gis 0$ =| G2g ‘OF Or 1g Ob TS G28 ‘0$ cze0$ =| 018 s0'T$ PUOTJVUTUNLIOSIP BOIL See I$ se 1g Stes GLb'I$ | OS I$ $201 | OLS Gb zy SI por aan soond J 7 V Ss1g G18 'T$ Sh OS $0 ‘%$ $10 Zs oy Ig GLb I$ og “eS i a as 961 ‘22 “AV datjooYo vorsd Buys]ag T 2 L1% Zk 6% bt 12 9% #02 002 x4 <a (On U0910g Te 1¢ 62 61 ge Ge 8°8 2% BS £9 £9 ~7(s}u00) Uva 19g GLE ‘0S GLE ‘0S $6 ‘0$ 96 0$ Gtr-O$ =| SZF “OS $0 T$ G12 “08 $22 0$ GL ‘0$ 72 ras u9z0p 10g SUOTPVUILUAOSIP DTI, Ste I$5 1 43 1 11 3 1645 735 19 25 18.453941 ge5 1 43 1 11 4 1643 768 21 29 18.453941 I$5 1 43 1 11 5 1644 869 19 22 39.812187 ST5 1 43 1 11 6 1642 902 21 30 39.385666 eg SLb'Ig =| OS I$ GG eS5 1 43 1 11 13 1639 1534 19 24 81.306007 095 1 43 1 11 14 1638 1566 21 30 36.817200 “es5 1 43 1 11 15 1639 1668 19 37 49.636044 S205 1 43 1 11 16 1637 1713 22 28 49.636044 I$5 1 43 1 11 17 1639 1800 19 22 46.926216 OI5 1 43 1 11 18 1637 1833 22 28 59.576382 I$5 1 43 1 11 19 1638 1932 19 25 47.664398 oh5 1 43 1 11 20 1637 1965 22 28 28.376465 2S5 1 43 1 11 21 1637 2064 22 62 45.408367 OSG5 1 43 1 11 22 1652 2188 4 280 17.163383 Parse5 1 43 1 11 23 1626 2472 29 184 0.000000 eee5 1 43 1 11 24 1635 2660 23 95 0.000000 ~soond5 1 43 1 11 25 1635 2764 19 18 87.054474 J5 1 43 1 11 26 1634 2794 19 18 47.341362 75 1 43 1 11 27 1634 2824 20 19 33.701546 V4 1 43 1 12 0 1609 591 32 2252 -1 5 1 43 1 12 1 1621 591 19 24 59.193172 025 1 43 1 12 2 1619 623 22 29 9.956818 ‘TS5 1 43 1 12 3 1620 736 18 37 0.000000 GBL5 1 43 1 12 4 1618 781 22 29 26.627037 I$5 1 43 1 12 5 1619 869 18 23 54.541901 OI5 1 43 1 12 6 1617 902 22 30 19.319382 by5 1 43 1 12 7 1617 1136 18 25 88.571259 065 1 43 1 12 8 1615 1169 22 28 52.656361 I$5 1 43 1 12 9 1616 1269 18 38 41.990208 8Z65 1 43 1 12 10 1615 1314 22 29 60.469711 I$5 1 43 1 12 11 1615 1402 19 24 92.229340 095 1 43 1 12 12 1614 1434 22 30 23.961876 FY5 1 43 1 12 13 1615 1534 18 24 33.529572 co5 1 43 1 12 14 1613 1566 22 30 27.441490 HS5 1 43 1 12 15 1613 1668 21 61 0.000000 ce1g5 1 43 1 12 16 1615 1800 18 38 36.008308 Sle5 1 43 1 12 17 1613 1845 22 29 30.697472 1s5 1 43 1 12 18 1614 1932 18 25 76.192825 025 1 43 1 12 19 1613 1965 21 28 0.000000 “¢$5 1 43 1 12 20 1614 2065 18 24 8.998611 oe5 1 43 1 12 21 1603 2130 36 45 7.814644 cn5 1 43 1 12 22 1612 2376 19 84 33.055222 “OPEL5 1 43 1 12 23 1612 2480 18 22 15.271744 ‘BI5 1 43 1 12 24 1610 2514 24 55 58.161278 “Ady5 1 43 1 12 25 1610 2579 20 102 0.000000 oaNooye5 1 43 1 12 26 1610 2690 23 60 11.694885 vod5 1 43 1 12 27 1609 2760 24 83 0.000000 Sur[[og4 1 43 1 13 0 1561 590 29 2153 -1 5 1 43 1 13 1 1572 590 18 48 0.000000 olt5 1 43 1 13 2 1570 735 19 48 71.390686 6915 1 43 1 13 3 1569 869 19 49 47.049770 2°815 1 43 1 13 4 1567 1138 19 46 0.000000 1'8I5 1 43 1 13 5 1567 1270 19 47 41.191513 BLES 1 43 1 13 6 1566 1402 19 47 40.942478 #815 1 43 1 13 7 1565 1534 18 47 0.000000 Zs5 1 43 1 13 8 1564 1668 19 12 6.648163 ¥5 1 43 1 13 9 1564 1689 20 28 46.329033 05 1 43 1 13 10 1564 1800 19 49 42.492123 0°025 1 43 1 13 11 1564 1933 19 48 0.000000 b'&5 1 43 1 13 12 1564 2067 19 47 29.724365 Pee5 1 43 1 13 13 1579 2188 3 81 0.000000 pvr5 1 43 1 13 14 1579 2331 3 35 0.000000 cc5 1 43 1 13 15 1577 2374 4 270 0.000000 rece5 1 43 1 13 16 1561 2649 19 94 0.000000 1u00104 1 43 1 14 0 1535 591 31 2152 -1 5 1 43 1 14 1 1546 591 20 36 41.493916 £35 1 43 1 14 2 1546 737 19 36 10.553940 &@5 1 43 1 14 3 1544 870 20 36 2.460327 8¢5 1 43 1 14 4 1543 1136 19 37 67.315201 L%5 1 43 1 14 5 1542 1269 19 37 32.635666 45 1 43 1 14 6 1541 1402 19 37 78.070885 195 1 43 1 14 7 1540 1534 19 38 61.660416 195 1 43 1 14 8 1540 1669 19 36 1.072807 £%5 1 43 1 14 9 1540 1801 19 35 26.608101 8s5 1 43 1 14 10 1540 1934 19 35 47.166744 £°95 1 43 1 14 11 1540 2066 19 35 33.115356 £95 1 43 1 14 12 1535 2547 24 91 9.029861 ~(s}u00)5 1 43 1 14 13 1540 2651 16 41 43.032005 uvo5 1 43 1 14 14 1536 2701 20 42 71.386749 Jog4 1 43 1 15 0 1510 590 33 2153 -1 5 1 43 1 15 1 1522 590 19 36 21.221451 G1Z5 1 43 1 15 2 1520 635 23 30 0.000000 “Of5 1 43 1 15 3 1521 735 19 37 81.961899 $225 1 43 1 15 4 1519 780 22 30 45.464977 0$5 1 43 1 15 5 1519 869 19 24 59.000912 OL5 1 43 1 15 6 1518 902 23 30 22.467300 O$5 1 43 1 15 7 1516 1136 22 75 42.207199 szeos5 1 43 1 15 8 1507 1239 38 23 39.177822 |5 1 43 1 15 9 1517 1269 19 37 14.264816 sze5 1 43 1 15 10 1516 1314 22 29 52.272141 os5 1 43 1 15 11 1516 1402 19 26 75.446701 085 1 43 1 15 12 1515 1434 22 30 23.881592 Us5 1 43 1 15 13 1516 1534 18 26 82.942825 085 1 43 1 15 14 1515 1566 22 30 10.950928 “0$5 1 43 1 15 15 1515 1668 19 36 0.000000 G225 1 43 1 15 16 1514 1713 22 29 0.000000 '0$5 1 43 1 15 17 1505 1774 38 17 76.111008 |5 1 43 1 15 18 1514 1800 22 75 0.000000 S42'0$5 1 43 1 15 19 1505 1891 38 30 51.707417 =|5 1 43 1 15 20 1515 1933 19 24 9.840637 Sz5 1 43 1 15 21 1514 1965 22 30 0.000000 ‘0$5 1 43 1 15 22 1514 2065 20 24 37.202091 $25 1 43 1 15 23 1513 2097 22 30 29.204857 0$5 1 43 1 15 24 1510 2536 21 156 4.318588 “"""uaZzop5 1 43 1 15 25 1511 2701 20 42 65.895432 19d4 1 43 1 16 0 1486 1548 20 1246 -1 5 1 43 1 16 1 1498 1548 3 2 0.000000 .5 1 43 1 16 2 1489 1966 3 3 29.365730 :5 1 43 1 16 3 1486 2533 20 189 0.000000 SUOlPVUTWINOSIp5 1 43 1 16 4 1486 2730 20 64 32.998772 VI4 1 43 1 17 0 1436 590 33 2255 -1 5 1 43 1 17 1 1448 590 19 37 42.600380 SZE5 1 43 1 17 2 1447 635 22 30 47.149719 I$5 1 43 1 17 3 1447 735 19 22 40.183769 SE5 1 43 1 17 4 1445 769 22 28 40.183769 I$5 1 43 1 17 5 1447 869 19 22 79.332748 GT5 1 43 1 17 6 1444 902 22 29 7.844124 “e$5 1 43 1 17 7 1445 1002 19 25 50.354694 025 1 43 1 17 8 1444 1035 22 30 8.598557 “es5 1 43 1 17 9 1443 1136 21 75 7.276115 Gmbh$5 1 43 1 17 10 1434 1239 37 20 44.183853 |5 1 43 1 17 11 1444 1268 19 25 76.273056 OG5 1 43 1 17 12 1442 1301 21 30 62.638908 “I$5 1 43 1 17 13 1443 1402 19 24 52.544357 og5 1 43 1 17 14 1441 1434 22 30 42.617653 “eg5 1 43 1 17 15 1442 1534 18 25 91.056458 095 1 43 1 17 16 1441 1567 22 29 0.000000 “es5 1 43 1 17 17 1440 1668 22 75 10.370331 S20°'I$5 1 43 1 17 18 1430 1771 38 20 46.983128 |5 1 43 1 17 19 1441 1800 19 23 29.750328 OL5 1 43 1 17 20 1440 1833 22 29 29.750328 I$5 1 43 1 17 21 1441 1933 19 24 53.555256 Sb5 1 43 1 17 22 1440 1965 22 30 37.266640 as5 1 43 1 17 23 1441 2065 19 24 0.000000 05 1 43 1 17 24 1439 2097 22 30 0.000000 “Z$5 1 43 1 17 25 1454 2589 3 31 0.000000 _5 1 43 1 17 26 1438 2685 22 70 0.000000 sooid5 1 43 1 17 27 1437 2766 20 17 72.693726 d5 1 43 1 17 28 1436 2795 20 19 56.909760 75 1 43 1 17 29 1437 2825 19 20 48.954506 V4 1 43 1 18 0 1411 590 33 2255 -1 5 1 43 1 18 1 1411 590 31 24 70.419609 695 1 43 1 18 2 1411 615 33 37 58.143822 I$5 1 43 1 18 3 1420 735 22 75 3.012238 G27o'1g5 1 43 1 18 4 1412 829 38 29 42.563457 =|5 1 43 1 18 5 1420 869 20 25 0.368965 SB5 1 43 1 18 6 1420 902 21 29 0.000000 -es5 1 43 1 18 7 1420 1002 19 26 86.783508 065 1 43 1 18 8 1419 1035 22 29 1.929176 €$ 08 I$ Szs'1g | se Fy On ¥$ seg GLE TS | 08 8S CA nas ““OFGI ‘ZT “Ady oalqooya do1id Bulj[ag 98 9° ay Sy 6IL SIL 11 wi £% ar oF BR ptr quooI0g ia a eT &'T Lt LT ge 88 za za OL 0g Sn (ane (s}ud9) uvo Jag $0 0s $0 0g SI ‘0$ $1 0$ 02 “0$ 02 ‘0$ Sh OS Sb “Og SZO'O$ =| SZOO =| GETO$ =| GUL OG freee udzop Jag SUOIPBUTULTIOSIP 801 Got I$ seig St es 02 “es Globe$ | OS “I$ gg eg5 1 43 1 23 14 1244 1535 18 25 91.479012 095 1 43 1 23 15 1243 1568 22 29 6.304893 e$ s20'1$ =| OL I$ Gh 2% OSH Porras eee sooud J 7 V GLE I$ OF I$ oe “eg rang S2491$ | OL TS 00 FS G0 b$5 1 43 1 24 16 1219 1668 18 24 44.654228 O15 1 43 1 24 17 1218 1701 21 29 17.827850 ‘I$5 1 43 1 24 18 1218 1801 21 75 0.000000 S2I1$5 1 43 1 24 19 1208 1908 37 16 84.894440 |5 1 43 1 24 20 1217 1934 22 74 0.000000 G4S-%$5 1 43 1 24 21 1208 2037 37 19 10.045937 |5 1 43 1 24 22 1218 2066 18 37 0.000000 Gz95 1 43 1 24 23 1216 2111 23 29 20.429321 ‘Zs5 1 43 1 24 24 1216 2409 19 48 40.279236 OPEL5 1 43 1 24 25 1216 2469 22 30 53.813877 ‘IZ5 1 43 1 24 26 1214 2510 21 61 11.865807 “ABIAT5 1 43 1 24 27 1214 2581 21 102 0.000000 BAT}5 1 43 1 24 28 1214 2692 23 60 19.345917 vod5 1 43 1 24 29 1213 2762 23 83 0.000000 But[[Ig4 1 43 1 25 0 1163 590 33 2156 -1 5 1 43 1 25 1 1176 590 19 36 67.068230 615 1 43 1 25 2 1175 736 18 35 38.379902 ST5 1 43 1 25 3 1174 869 19 36 77.547165 OT5 1 43 1 25 4 1173 1002 19 12 35.530304 ceas 1 43 1 25 5 1173 1035 18 3 83.164330 |5 1 43 1 25 6 1172 1137 18 36 67.164650 BL5 1 43 1 25 7 1171 1269 19 37 75.003204 LL5 1 43 1 25 8 1171 1404 18 35 55.208569 e¢5 1 43 1 25 9 1170 1536 19 36 18.443619 es5 1 43 1 25 10 1164 1669 32 71 1.417343 OUON.5 1 43 1 25 11 1164 1802 32 67 41.597881 aUuON5 1 43 1 25 12 1163 1935 32 66 0.000000 su0oN5 1 43 1 25 13 1167 2067 20 66 31.959679 DUON5 1 43 1 25 14 1162 2172 32 182 0.000000 Ur5 1 43 1 25 15 1162 2361 32 110 0.000000 rrrrrcrr5 1 43 1 25 16 1181 2475 4 171 0.000000 tcc5 1 43 1 25 17 1162 2551 32 8 0.000000 r5 1 43 1 25 18 1181 2561 4 85 0.000000 rrr5 1 43 1 25 19 1165 2650 19 96 0.000000 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PUOTPVUIWTIOS]p 9011 SBE I$ se tg5 1 43 1 29 5 1050 869 19 23 52.309143 SI5 1 43 1 29 6 1048 902 23 29 9.935135 “es5 1 43 1 29 7 1049 1002 19 25 64.199036 025 1 43 1 29 8 1048 1035 22 30 44.435127 “e$5 1 43 1 29 9 1046 1136 23 75 0.000000 GLOI$5 1 43 1 29 10 1037 1239 37 20 50.733868 |5 1 43 1 29 11 1048 1269 19 24 61.686668 OS5 1 43 1 29 12 1046 1302 22 30 51.226456 I$5 1 43 1 29 13 1047 1403 19 23 80.802223 gg5 1 43 1 29 14 1045 1535 19 25 94.484039 095 1 43 1 29 15 1044 1568 23 30 32.387024 “eg5 1 43 1 29 16 1045 1669 19 38 63.778088 G205 1 43 1 29 17 1044 1715 22 28 59.766815 I$5 1 43 1 29 18 1045 1802 19 23 14.463791 OL5 1 43 1 29 19 1045 1834 21 30 14.463791 I$5 1 43 1 29 20 1045 1935 19 25 49.476807 Gb5 1 43 1 29 21 1044 1967 21 29 57.076630 OS5 1 43 1 29 22 1044 2067 19 24 53.948570 0s5 1 43 1 29 23 1043 2099 22 29 0.000000 “2$5 1 43 1 29 24 1032 2470 8 5 13.832939 ;5 1 43 1 29 25 1041 2687 23 71 0.457397 saoid5 1 43 1 29 26 1041 2768 20 17 62.935570 d5 1 43 1 29 27 1041 2797 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1938 20 48 51.003845 ‘zop5 1 43 1 31 18 949 1995 19 40 71.420975 Jad5 1 43 1 31 19 938 2044 34 12 88.570274 |5 1 43 1 31 20 943 2070 20 48 43.281704 ‘zop5 1 43 1 31 21 949 2127 18 39 33.363144 40d4 1 43 1 32 0 928 611 41 1343 -1 5 1 43 1 32 1 939 611 20 42 68.061478 zop5 1 43 1 32 2 945 662 18 39 31.375313 wd5 1 43 1 32 3 924 715 50 9 55.154121 |5 1 43 1 32 4 938 745 20 41 22.735481 -zop5 1 43 1 32 5 943 795 19 40 74.912781 aod5 1 43 1 32 6 924 848 50 14 76.724915 |5 1 43 1 32 7 924 873 50 43 0.000000 “ZOP5 1 43 1 32 8 924 932 50 25 38.817474 29%5 1 43 1 32 9 935 1145 20 43 48.784443 z0p5 1 43 1 32 10 940 1196 19 40 65.077026 sad5 1 43 1 32 11 929 1246 41 15 91.866486 |5 1 43 1 32 12 934 1279 20 42 67.109688 -zop5 1 43 1 32 13 939 1330 19 39 67.689941 sod5 1 43 1 32 14 929 1380 41 11 90.459053 |5 1 43 1 32 15 937 1416 4 5 57.112717 25 1 43 1 32 16 932 1679 20 41 92.109039 zop5 1 43 1 32 17 937 1730 19 38 12.246613 4ed5 1 43 1 32 18 927 1777 41 15 92.900673 |5 1 43 1 32 19 932 1812 20 41 0.000000 *zop5 1 43 1 32 20 937 1863 19 39 60.133572 sod5 1 43 1 32 21 927 1910 41 15 0.000000 |4 1 43 1 33 0 908 591 40 1549 -1 5 1 43 1 33 1 930 591 5 5 39.199837 .5 1 43 1 33 2 922 1031 25 44 18.138969 vis5 1 43 1 33 3 926 1126 4 4 48.396297 |.5 1 43 1 33 4 925 1425 16 64 84.636505 asun5 1 43 1 33 5 919 1564 24 44 13.713318 wis5 1 43 1 33 6 923 1659 4 3 64.410034 |.5 1 43 1 33 7 918 1836 8 12 14.001602 a5 1 43 1 33 8 908 1953 40 69 23.396530 assun5 1 43 1 33 9 918 2095 23 45 95.114891 visa 1 43 1 34 0 879 599 58 2134 -1 5 1 43 1 34 1 913 599 24 114 0.000000 MSUNG/Z)5 1 43 1 34 2 913 736 23 44 75.184479 W/S5 1 43 1 34 3 912 789 24 46 25.093033 8/95 1 43 1 34 4 894 845 47 13 91.363441 |5 1 43 1 34 5 904 870 16 33 14.178162 -205 1 43 1 34 6 899 911 24 57 29.521851 opigt5 1 43 1 34 7 894 982 47 9 65.630104 |5 1 43 1 34 8 901 997 18 40 65.630104 -z05 1 43 1 34 9 898 1045 23 57 0.000000 geet5 1 43 1 34 10 894 1119 47 13 52.750340 |5 1 43 1 34 11 908 1133 25 115 0.000000 MSUNZ!5 1 43 1 34 12 909 1270 23 45 86.663254 V/S5 1 43 1 34 13 908 1324 24 45 20.074684 ZFS5 1 43 1 34 14 894 1378 47 13 92.153725 |5 1 43 1 34 15 901 1404 15 33 0.000000 -255 1 43 1 34 16 895 1445 25 56 0.000000 gp/2t5 1 43 1 34 17 888 1515 47 13 89.902672 |5 1 43 1 34 18 900 1536 15 34 15.299225 “zo5 1 43 1 34 19 894 1578 24 57 31.884201 gpfer5 1 43 1 34 20 907 1666 23 115 0.000000 [MSURZE!5 1 43 1 34 21 907 1803 22 44 50.713203 VIS5 1 43 1 34 22 907 1857 24 46 7.412712 2/525 1 43 1 34 23 888 1910 47 13 90.950958 |5 1 43 1 34 24 899 1937 15 32 25.605774 -205 1 43 1 34 25 893 1977 24 57 0.000000 opie5 1 43 1 34 26 888 2048 47 8 85.324287 |5 1 43 1 34 27 898 2069 16 32 52.518520 -z05 1 43 1 34 28 892 2109 24 57 0.000000 Gb/2T5 1 43 1 34 29 880 2304 20 46 26.218071 -olat5 1 43 1 34 30 880 2362 24 81 0.000000 ‘sofega5 1 43 1 34 31 879 2453 21 62 6.759987 o4w5 1 43 1 34 32 880 2526 19 23 9.245918 “q5 1 43 1 34 33 883 2560 16 20 68.707916 “05 1 43 1 34 34 880 2590 19 12 10.920555 *}5 1 43 1 34 35 884 2613 15 37 57.281513 ox5 1 43 1 34 36 880 2659 19 74 10.880646 S0014 1 43 1 35 0 820 764 28 1252 -1 5 1 43 1 35 1 825 764 23 60 0.000000 sornf5 1 43 1 35 2 824 833 21 103 55.664413 papus[g5 1 43 1 35 3 822 1308 23 59 39.331898 oom5 1 43 1 35 4 821 1374 24 88 22.213501 aduvsO5 1 43 1 35 5 820 1820 23 59 15.569069 aoInf5 1 43 1 35 6 820 1886 23 130 3.708344 yInaedvay4 1 43 1 36 0 745 1661 20 119 -1 5 1 43 1 36 1 745 1661 20 19 49.706291 @5 1 43 1 36 2 745 1696 20 84 0.000000 W1avL FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET. AL. 53 37 Findings Par. 8. The discriminatory prices reflected in Table “B” above were granted in numerous transactions by and between Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative and The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system which involved sales of approximately 750,000 cases of “Donald Duck” brand citrus fruit juice products offered for sale, sold and distributed to said system during the times set forth in said Table “B” at an aggregate purchase price of some $2,000,000. Said sales transactions disclosed said system to have been the recipient thereby of discriminatory price benefits aggregating $600,000 more or less, being the aggregate difference between the lesser purchase prices paid by said system for said products during said times and the comparable higher purchase prices offered to and paid by other buyer-customers of Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative for such products of like grade and quality during said times, The discriminatory prices at which said products were offered for sale, sold and distributed by Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative to The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system as above described enabled said system to retail “Donald Duck” labeled citrus fruit juice products at a decided sales price advantage over other retailers selling Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative’s products of like grade and quality in competitive resale in the areas concerned. The following designated Table “C” discloses the retail selling prices which The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company system was enabled to effect in the competitive resale of such products in two representative areas in comparison with the purchase prices offered by and paid to Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative during such times by other customers purchasing such products of like grade and quality for resale in all areas including said areas: TABLE © Purchase price per can, not including . freight costs, of- A & P retail . fered to and paid selling price | A & P retail selling by wholesalers, per can— price per can—Re- super markets, Representa- presentative Area and chain stores tive Area No. 2 for resale in all No.1 areas, including A & Representative Areas Nos. 1 and 2 Grapefruit juice: Cents Cents Cents , 19/46 Sp wn eee en eee eee ne eee eee eee 29 | 27....----------------- 29.6 12/46 unsv - 29 | 27......----.- 29.2 24/2 S/A-__. - 13 | 11.7 (3 for 35)- 12.3 24/2 unsw __..--------------------------- 13 | 11.7 (8 for 35) 12.1 Orange juice: .

12/46 S/A 40 41.7 12/46 unsw_ 40 41.3 24/2.S/A. - 16 17.3 BI 24 unsw. 16 17.1 ended juice 12/46 S/A.-_--------------------- +--+ - 36 37.5 12/46 unsw__ - 36 37.1 24/2 S/A__. - 15 15.6 24/2 unsw ...---------------------------- 15 54 . FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION DECISIONS Order 49 FT. C.

Par. 9. The record shows, and the Commission therefore finds, that the effect of the discriminations in price described herein, namely, price differences as small as 1.5 per cent of the higher price, was substantially to lessen competition in the sale and distribution of citrus fruit juice products in the respective lines of commerce in which Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative and its recipient customers are engaged, and was to injure, destroy or prevent competition in the sale and distribution of said products with said association and with its customers who received the benefits of such discriminatory prices. In view of this showing the Commission further finds that any substantial discrimination in price, including discriminations smaller than 1.5 per cent of the higher price, in the sale of citrus fruit juice. products, may have the same or substantially the same competitive effect.

CONCLUSION - The discriminations in price by the respondent association between different purchasers of Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative citrus fruit juice products of like grade and quality, as herein found, constituted violations of subsection (a) of Section 2 of the Act of Congress entitled “An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes,” approved October 15, 1914 (the Clayton Act), as amended by the Act of Congress approved June 19, 1986 (the Robinson-Patman Act). ORDER TO CEASE AND DESIST This proceeding having been heard by the Federal Trade Commission upon the complaint of the Commission, the substitute answer of the respondents, in which answer said respondents, for the purpose of this proceeding, admitted all of the material allegations of fact set forth in the complaint and waived all intervening procedure and further hearings as to said facts, a memorandum of counsel in support of the complaint proposing disposition of the case, attached to which was a proposed form of order to cease and desist, and briefs in support of and in opposition to the complaint and in opposition to the tentative order to cease and desist included in the Commission’s order of September 24, 1951, rejecting the form of order to cease and desist proposed by counsel in support of the complaint and. affording the respondents an opportunity to show cause why said tentative order should not be entered as the Commission’s order to cease and desist; and the Commission having made its findings as to the facts and its conclusion that the respondents have violated the provisions of sub- FLORIDA CITRUS CANNERS COOPERATIVE ET AL. 55 37 Order section (a) of Section 2 of an Act of Congress entitled “An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes,” approved October 15, 1914 (the Clayton Act), as amended by an Act of Congress approved June 19, 1936 (the Robinson-Patman Act) :

It is ordered, That the respondents, Florida Citrus Canners Cooperative, a corporate cooperative association, and its officers, members, agents, representatives, and any other parties acting for or on its behalf, directly or through any corporate or other device, in connection with the sale of citrus fruit juice products in commerce, as “commerce” is defined in the aforesaid Clayton Act, do forthwith cease and desist from discriminating, directly or indirectly, in the price of such products of like grade and quality: , .

1. By selling such products to some purchasers thereof at prices lower than the prices charged other purchasers who in fact compete with the favored purchasers in the sale and distribution of such products.

2. By selling such products, directly or through brokers, to any purchaser at prices lower than the prices charged other purchasers when such other purchasers buy from the respondents directly or through the respondents’ agents or representatives, including brokers, and in fact compete in the sale and distribution of such products with said favored purchaser.

For the purpose of comparison the term “price” as used in this order takes into account discounts, rebates, allowances and other terms or conditions of sale (excepting C. O. D. and other terms or conditions requiring payment before or upon delivery when shown by the respondents to have been used in a particular instance solely because poor or bad credit risk was involved).

It is further ordered, That the respondents shall, within sixty (60) days after service upon them of this order, file with the Commission a report in writing setting forth in detail the manner and form in which they have complied with this order. Commissioner Mead not participating.

Syllabus 49 F.T.C.