Hearing Aid Industry
16 CFR Part 159 / 214 · Trade practice rules · in the Code of Federal Regulations 1944-1978 (15 annual editions)
Scanned CFR pages, OCR text may contain errors; the linked Library of Congress PDF is the authority. Not legal advice; not affiliated with the FTC. These rules and guides are historical: most were rescinded or replaced, so do not assume any is in force.
Latest edition: Library of Congress, 1978 CFR · Earliest edition: 1944 CFR
Text (1978 edition, OCR)
§ 210.29
§ 210.29 Aiding or abetting use of unfair
trade practices.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
person, firm, or corporation to aid,
abet, coerce, or induce another, direct-
ly or indirectly, to use or promote the
use of any unfair trade practice speci-
fied in the foregoing sections of this
part.
COMMITTEE ON TRADE PRACTICES
§ 210.201 Industry committee.
The provisions of § 16.1: of this sub-
chapter shall be applicable to an in-
dustry committee established under
this part.
PART 214—HEARING AID INDUSTRY
Sec.
214.0
214.1
214.2
Definitions.
Misrepresentation in general.
Guarantees, warranties, etc.
214.3 Bait advertising.
214.4 Misrepresentation of earnings of
salesmen or agents.
214.5 Misrepresentation as to character of
business, etc.
214.6 Deception as to benefit of services or
advice of a physician, etc.
214.7 Deception as to visibility, construc-
tion, etc.
214.8 Deception as to availability of sult-
able batteries.
214.9 Deception respecting novelty of prod-
ucts.
214.10 Misrepresenting a commercial hear-
ing aid establish:nent.
214.11 Deceptive advertising of hearing aid
parts, accessories or components.
214.12 Misrepresenting installment sales
contracts.
214.13 Deceptive endorsements, testimon-
ials, etc.
214.14 Deception as to used or rebuilt prod-
ucts.
214.15 Deception respecting tests, accep-
tance, or approvai.
214.16 Defamation of competitors or false
disparagement of their products.
214.17 Deceptive use or imitation or simu-
lation of trade or corporate names,
trademarks, etc.
214.18 Procurement of competitor’s confi-
dentiai information.
214.19 Unfair threats of infringement
sults.
214.20 Inducing breach of contract.
214.21 . Commerciai bribery.
116 CFR 16.1 was deleted at 36 FR 3116,
Feb. 18, 1976.
Titie 16—Commercial Practices
Sec.
214.22 Prohibited forms of trade restraints
(unlawful price fixing, etc.).
214.23 Arrangements to exclude sale of
competitors’ products.
214.24 Aiding or abetting use of unfair
trade practices.
AurHoriry: Secs. 6, 5, 38 Stat. 721, 719; 15
U.S.C. 46, 45, unless otherwise noted.
Source: 30 FR 9058, July 20, 1965, unless
otherwise noted.
§ 214.0 Definitions.
(a) “Industry products” consist of all
instruments and devices designed for
or represented as aiding, improving, or
correcting defective hearing, and parts
and accessories therefor.
(b) “Industry members’ are persons,
firms, corporations, and organizations
engaged in the manufacture, distribu-
tion, or saie of any industry products
as defined above.
§ 214.1 Misrepresentation in general.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member to use, or cause or
promote the use of, any trade promo-
tionai literature, advertising matter,
testimonial, guarantee, warranty,
mark, insignia, depiction, brand, desig-
nation, or representation, however dis-
seminated or published, which has the
capacity and tendency or effect of mis-
leading or deceiving purchasers or pro-
spective purchasers, or of aiding, abet-
ting, or causing saies agents, deaiers,
distributors, or other marketers to
mislead or deceive the purchasing or
consuming public.
(a) With respect to the grade, quai-
ity, quantity, origin, novelty, price,
cost, terms of saie, use, construction,
size, composition, dimensions, type,
design, development, visibility, dura-
bility, performance, fit, appearance,
efficacy, benefits, cost of operation, re-
sistance to climatic conditions, or
physiological benefits of any industry
product, or the psychological well-
being induced by an industry product;
or
(b) With respect to any service or ad-
justment offered, promised, or to be
supplied to purchasers of any industry
product; or
(c) With respect to the manufacture,
distribution, or marketing of any in-
dustry product; or
100
Chapter I—Federal Trade Commissien
(d) With respect to the scientific or
technical knowledge, training, experi-
ence, or other qualifications of an in-
dustry member, or of any of his em-
ployees, relating to the selection, fit-
ting, adjustment, maintenance, or
repair of industry products; or
(e) In any other material respect.
Note: This section shall be construed as
prohibiting the false advertisement of hear-
ing aids or devices as the term “false adver-
tisement” is defined in section 15 of the
Federal Trade Commission Act.
Rule 1]
§214.2 Guarantees, warranties, etc.
(a) It is an unfair trade practice to
represent in advertising or otherwise
that a product is “guaranteed” with-
out clear and conspicuous disclosure
of:
(1) The nature and extent of the
guarantee, and
(2) Any material conditions or limi-
tations in the guarantee which are im-
posed by the guarantor, and
(3) The manner in which the guar-
antor will perform thereunder, and
(4) The identity of the guarantor.
(The necessary disclosure requires
that any guarantee made by the
dealer or vendor, which is not backed
up by the manufacturer, must make it
clear that the guarantee is offered by
the dealer or vendor only.)
(b) Representations that a product is
“guaranteed for life” or has a “life-
time guarantee,” in addition to meet-
ing the above requirements, shall con-
tain a conspicuous disclosure of the
meaning of “life” or “lifetime” as used
(whether that of the purchaser, the
product or otherwise).
(c) Guarantees shall not be used
which under normal conditions are im-
practical of fulfillment or which are
for such a period of time or are other-
wise of such nature as to have the ca-
pacity and tendency of misleading pur-
chasers or prospective purchasers into
the bellef that the product so guaran-
teed has a greater degree of service-
ability, durability, or performance ca-
pability in actual use than is true in
fact.
(d) This section has application not
only to “guarantees” but also to ‘“‘war-
ranties,” to purported ‘guarantees”
§ 214.4
and “warranties,” and to any promise
or representation in the nature of a
“guarantee” or “warranty.” [Rule 2]
§ 214.3 Bait advertising.
It is an unfair trade practice for an
industry member to offer for sale any
industry product when the offer is not
a bona fide effort to sell the product
so offered as advertised and at the ad-
vertised price.
NoTE: In determining whether there has
been a violation of this section, consider-
ation will be given to acts or practices indi-
cating that the offer was not made in good
faith for the purpose of selling the adver-
tised product, but was made for the purpose
of contacting prospective purchasers and
selling them a product or products other
than the product offered. Among acts or
practices which will be considered in making
that determination are the following:
1. The creation, through the initial offer
or advertisement, of a false impression of
the product offered in any material respect;
2. The refusal to show, demonstrate, or
sell the product offered in accordance with
the terms of the offer;
3. The disparagement, by acts or words, of
the product offered, or the disparagement
of the guarantee, credit terms, availability
of service, repairs or parts, or in any other
respect, in connection with it;
4. The showing, demonstrating, and in the
event of sale, the dellvery, of a product
which is unusable or impractical for the
purpose represented or implied in the offer;
5. The refusal, in the event of sale, of the
product offered, to dellver such product to
the buyer within reasonable time there-
after;
6. The failure to have available a quantity
of the advertised product at the advertised
price sufficient to meet reasonably antici-
pated demands.
It is not necessary that each act or prac-
tice set forth above be present in order to
establish that a particular offer is violative
of this section.
[Rule 3]
§ 214.4 Misrepresentation of earnings of
salesmen or agents.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member to make or publish,
or cause to be made or published, any
advertisement, offer, statement, or
other form of representation, which
directly or by implication is false, mis-
leading or deceptive:
(a) Concerning the salary, commis-
sion, income, earnings, or other remu-
101
§ 214.5
neration which agents, canvassers, so-
licitors, or sales representatives receive
or may receive; or
(b) Concerning any conditions or
contingencies affecting such remu-
neration or the opportunlties therefor.
(Rule 4]
§214.5 Misrepresentation as to character
of husiness, etc.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member falsely to represent,
directly or indirectly, through the use
of any word or term in his corporate
or trade name, in his advertising or
otherwise:
(a) That he is a manufacturer of
hearing aids or devices, or of batteries,
parts, or accessories therefor; or
(b) That he is the owner or operator
of a factory or producing company
manufacturing such products; or
(c) That he owns or maintains a lab-
oratory devoted to hearing aid re-
search, testing, experimentation, or
development; or .
to misrepresent in any other materi
respect the character, extent, or type
of his business. [Rule 5]
$214.6 Deception as to benefit of services
or advice of a physician, etc.
(a) In connection with the saie or of-
fering for sale of industry products, it
is an unfair trade practice for any in-
dustry member to represent, directly
or by implication, that the services or
advice of a physician have been used
in the designing or manufacturing of
industry products, or will be used or
made available in the selecting, fitting,
adjusting, or testing of industry prod-
ucts relative to the individuai needs of
consumer-purchasers, when such is
not the fact.
(b) The prohibitions of this section
are applicable to the use of the terms
“doctor,” “physician,”’ “otologist,” or
“otolaryngologist”; to any abbrevia-
tions, variations, or derivatives of such
terms; and to the use of any symbol,
depiction, or representation having a
medical connotation.
(c) It is also an unfair trade practice
to use, in advertising or otherwise, the
words “prescribe”’ or “prescription,” or
any abbreviation, variation or deriva-
tive thereof or symbol therefor, in re-
Titie 16—Commercial Practices
ferring to or describing any industry
product, unless such product was
made pursuant to a prescription given
by a physician: Provided, however,
That the word “prescription” or words
of similar meaning may be used to
refer to or describe an industry prod-
uct which was specially made to com-
pensate for the hearing ioss of a par-
ticular purchaser in accordance with
directions furnished by a qualified
person other than a physician, when
such words are accompanied by a clear
and conspicuous disclosure that the
“prescription” was not based on a
medical examination and that the
person issuing it was not a physician.
(Rule 6]
8214.7 Deception as to visibility, construc-
tion, ete.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member:
(a) To represent, directly or by im-
plication, through the use of such
words or expressions as “invisible,”
“hidden,” “hidden hearing,” ‘“com-
pletely out of sight,’’ “conceai your
deafness,” “‘hear in secret,” “unnoticed
even by your closest friends,” ‘no one
will know you are hard of hearing,”
“your hearing loss is your secret,” ‘‘no
one need know you are wearing a hear-
ing aid,” “hidden or out of sight when
inserted in the ear canal,” or by any
other words or expressions of similar
import, that any hearing aid, device,
or part is hidden or cannot be seen
unless such is the fact.
(b) To use in advertising the words
or expressions, “no cord,” “cordiess,”
“100 pereent cordless,’ “no unsightly
cord dangling from your ear,” “no
wires,” “no teli-taie wires,” or other
words or expressions of similar import,
unless such representations are true
and unless, in close connection there-
with and with equal prominence, a
clear and adequate disclosure is made
that a plastic tube (or similar device)
runs from the instrument to the ear if
such is the fact.
(c) To use in advertising the words
or expressions, “no button,” ‘‘no ear
button,” “no buttons or receivers in
either ear,” or other words or expres-
sions of similar import, unless such
representations are true and unless, in
close connection therewith and with
102
Chapter |—Federal Trade Cammisslan
equal prominence, a clear and ade-
quate disclosure is made that an ear
mold or plastic tip is inserted in the
ear if such is the fact.
(da) To represent, directly or by im-
plication, that a hearing ald utilizing
bone conduction has certain specified
features such as the absence of any-
thing in the ear, or leading to the ear,
or the like, without disclosing clearly
and conspicuously that the instrument
operates on the bone-conduction prin-
ciple and that in many cases of hear-
ing loss this type of instrument may
not be suitable. [Ruie 7]
§ 214.8 Deception as to availability of suit-
able batteries.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member to represent, directly
or by implication, that batteries sold
only by such industry member or
other specified person or concern, or
bearing a specified brand, label, or
other identifying mark, are the only
ones suitable for use in a particular
type or make of hearing ald or device
when such is not the fact. [Ruie 8]
§ 214.9 Deception respecting novelty of
products.
(a) It is an unfair trade practice to
use any advertisement or other repre-
sentation which has the capacity and
tendency or effect of misleading or de-
ceiving purchasers or prospective pur-
chasers into the belief that any hear-
ing ald or device, or part or accessory
thereof, is a new invention or involves
a new mechanical or scientific princi-
ple, when such is not the fact.
(b) Representations of the foliowing
or similar types, when not fully justi-
fied by the facts, are among those pro-
hibited by this section: “Amaring new
discovery,” “revolutionary new inven-
tion,” “radically new and different,”
“sensational new laboratory develop-
ment,” “remarkable new electronic
device,” “brandnew invention,” “mar-
velous new hearing invention,” “new
scientific aid,” and “miracle.” [Ruie
]
§ 214.10 Misrepresenting a commercial
hearing aid estabiishment.
(a) It is an unfair trade practice for
an industry member to represent, di-
rectly or by implication, that a com-
§ 214.13
merclal hearing aid establishment is a
governmental or public one, or is a
nonprofit medical, educational, or re-
search institution, through the use of
terms having a medical, professional,
or scientific connotation, such as,
“Hearing Center,” ‘Hearing Insti-
tute,” ‘Hearing Bureau,” ‘Hearing
Clinic,” “State’s Hearing Clinic,”
“State’s Speech and Hearing Center,”
or similar representations.
(b) Nothing in this section is under-
stood to preclude an industry member
from representing if such be the fact,
that he owns, operates, or controls a
“Hearing Aid Center,” or from using
other words or expressions which
clearly and nondeceptively identify
the member’s establishment as a com-
mercial hearing ald enterprise. [Ruie
10]
§ 214.11 Deceptive advertising of bearing
aid parts, accessories or components.
It is an unfair trade practice for an
industry member to use or cause to be
used, any type of advertising or pro-
motional literature depicting or de-
scribing only a single part, accessory,
or component of any hearing aid or
device, such as a battery on the finger,
a transistor held in the hand, etc., in
such manner as to have the capacity
and tendency to mislead or deceive
purchasers or prospective purchasers
into the erroneous belief that the said
part, accessory, or component is all
that needs to be worn or carried.
{Rule 11)
§ 214.12 Misrepresenting installment sales
contracts.
It is an unfair trade practice for an
industry member falsely to represent
an installment saies contract respect-
ing hearing alds, devices, parts or ac-
cessories as a lease or rental plan.
{Ruie 12)
§ 214.13 Deceptive
monials, etc.
It is an unfair trade practice for an
industry member to advertise or other-
wise represent:
(a) That a particular individuai, or-
ganization, or institution endorses,
uses, Or recommends such member’s
hearing aids, devices, or other industry
products when such is not the fact; or
endorsements, _ testi-
103
30-035 O- 78-6
§ 214.14
- (b) That a particular individual
wears such member’s hearing aids or
devices when such is not the fact.
CRule 13}
$214.14 Deception as to used or rebuilt
products.
(a) It is an unfair trade practice for
any industry member to represent, di-
rectly or indirectly, that any industry
product or part thereof is new,
unused, or rebuilt, when such is not
the fact.
(b) In the marketing of an industry
product which has been used, or which
contains used parts, it is an unfair
trade practice to fali to make full and
nondeceptive disclosure of such fact in
ali advertising and promotional litera-
ture relating to the product, on the
container, box, or package in which
such product is packed or enclosed
and, if the product has the appearance
of being new, on the product itself.
The required disciosure may be made
by use of such words as “Used,” “Se-
condhand,” “Repaired,” or “Rebuilt,”
whichever is applicabié to the product
involved.
(c) It is an unfair trade practice to
misrepresent the identity of the re-
builder of an industry product. If the
rebuilding of an industry product was
done by other than the original manu-
facturer, it is also an unfair trade
practice to fail to disciose such fact
wherever the original manufacturer is
identified. [Rule 14}
$214.15 Deception respecting tests, accep-
tance, or approval.
In the sale, distribution, or promo-
tion of hearing aids or devices, it is an
unfair trade practice for any industry
member:
(a) To represent or to use any seals,
emblems, shields, or other insignia
which represent, directly or by impll-
cation, in any manner that a hearing
aid or device has been tested, accepted,
or approved by any individual, con-
cern, organization, group, or associ-
ation, unless such is the fact and
unless the hearing aid or device has
been tested by such individual, con-
cern, organization, group, or associ-
ation in such manner as reasonably to
insure the quality and performance of
the instrument in relation to its in-
Titie 16—Commercial Practices
tended usage and the fulfillment of
any material claims made, implied, or
intended to be supported by such rep-
resentation or insignia; or
(b) To represent that a hearing aid
or device tested, accepted, or approved
by any individuai, concern, organiza-
tlon, group, or association has been
subjected to tests based on more
severe standards of performance,
workmanship, and quality than is in
fact true; or
(c) To make any other false, mislead-
ing or deceptive representation re-
specting the testing, acceptance, or ap-
proval of a hearing aid or device by
any individuai, concern, organization,
group, or association.
Nore: Under this section, it is not neces-
sary for each individual hearing aid or
device to be tested where the method em-
ployed is a sample testing and full and non-
deceptive disciosure of this fact is given in
all advertising and otherwise.
(Rule 15]
$214.16 Defamation of competitors or
false disparagement of their products.
(a) It is an unfair trade practice to
defame competitors by falseiy imput-
ing to them dishonorable conduct, in-
ability to perform contracts, question-
able credit standing, or by other false
representations, or falsely to disparage
the products of competitors in any re-
spect, or their business methods, sell-
ing prices, values, credit terms, poli-
cies, or services.
Nore: The use of “bait’’ or “blind” adver-
tisements as a means of accomplishing such
defamation or false disparagement is
deemed to be within the prohibitions of this
section.
(b) Under this section, it is an unfair
trade practice for an industry member:
(1) To display competitive products
in his show window, shop, or in his ad-
vertising in such: manner as falsely to
disparage them; or
(2) To represent falseiy that com-
petitors are unreliable but that the
disparager is not; or
(3) To quote prices of competitive
hearing aids or devices without disclos-
ing that they are not the present cur-
rent prices, or to show, demonstrate,
or represent competitive models as
104
Chapter I—Federal Trade Cemmissien
being the current modeis when such is
not the fact. [Rule 16]
§ 214.17 Deceptive use or imitation or sim-
ulation of trade or corporate names,
trademarks, etc.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member:
(a) To imitate or simulate the trade-
marks, trade names, brands, or labels
of competitors, with the capacity and
tendency or effect of misleading or de-
ceiving purchasers or prospective pur-
chasers; or
(b) To use in his advertising the
name, model name, or trademark of a
particular manufacture of hearing
alds in such manner as to imply a rela-
tionship with the manufacturer that
does not exist or otherwise to mislead
or deceive purchasers or prospective
purchasers; or
(c) To use any trade name, corporate
name, trademark, or other trade desig-
nation, which has the capacity and
tendency or effect of misleading or de-
ceiving purchasers or prospective pur-
chasers as to the name, nature, or
origin of any product of the industry,
or of any material used therein, or
which is false, deceptive, or misleading
in any other material respect. [Rule
17]
§ 214.18 Procurcment of competitor’s con-
fidential information.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
industry member to obtain informa-
tion concerning the business of a coim-
petitor by bribery of an employee or
agent of such competitor, by false or
misleading statements or representa-
tions, by the impersonation of one in
authority, or by any other unfair
means, and to use the information so
obtained so as substantially to injure
competition or unreasonably restrain
trade. [Rule 18]
§ 214.19 Unfalr threats of infringement
suits.
The circulation of threats of sult for
infringement of patents or trademarks
among customers or prospective cus-
tomers of competitors, not made in
good faith but for the purpose or with
the effect of harassing or intimidating
such customers or prospective custom-
ers, or of unduly hampering, injuring,
or prejudicing competitors in their
§ 214.22
business, is an unfair trade practice.
(Rule 19)
§ 214.20 Inducing breach of contract.
(a) It is an unfair trade practice for
any industry member knowingly to
induce or attempt to induce the
breach of existing lawful contracts be-
tween competitors and their customers
or between competitors and their sup-
pliers, or to interfere with or obstruct
the performance of any such contrac-
tual duties or services, under any cir-
cumstance having the capacity and
tendency or effect of substantially in-
juring or lessening competition.
(b) Nothing in this section is intend-
ed to imply that it is improper for any
industry member to solicit the busi-
ness of a customer of a competing in-
dustry member; nor is the section to
be construed as in any wise authoriz-
ing any agreement, understanding, or
planned common course of action by
two or more industry members not to
solicit business from, or seli to, the
customers of either of them, or the
customers of any other industry
member. [Rule 20]
§ 214.21 Commercial bribery.
It is an unfair trade practice for an
industry member, directly or indirect-
ly, to give, or offer to give, or permit
or cause to be given, money or any-
thing of value to agents, employees, or
representatives of customers or pro-
spective customers, or to agents, em-
ployees, or representatives of competi-
tors’ customers or prospective custom-
ers, without the knowledge of their
employers or principals, as an induce-
ment to influence their employers or
principals to purchase or contract to
purchase products sold or offered for
sale by such industry member, or to
influence such employers or principals
to refrain from dealing in the products
of competitors or from dealing or con-
tracting to deal with competitors.
[Rule 21] .
§ 214.22 Prohibited forms of trade re-
straints (unlawful price fixing, etc.).)
It Is an unfair trade practice for any
member of the industry, either direct-
1The prohibitions of this section are sub-
ject to Pub. L. 542, approved July 14, 1952,
66 Stat. 632 (the McGuire Act, commonly
105
§ 214.23
ly or indirectly, to engage in any
planned common course of action, or
to enter into or take part in any un-
derstanding, agreement, combination,
or conspiracy, with one or more mem-
bers of the industry, or with any other
person or persons, to fix or maintain
the price of any goods or otherwise
unlawfully to restrain trade; or to use
any form of threat, intimidation, or
coercion to induce any member of the
industry or other person or persons to
engage in any such planned common
course of action, or to become a part
to any such understanding, agreement,
combination, or conspiracy. [Rule 22]
$214.23 Arrangements to exciude sale of
competitors’ products.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
member of the industry to sell or con-
tract for the sale of any industry prod-
ucts, whether patented or unpatented,
for use or resale, or to fix a price
charged therefor, or discount from, or
rebate upon, such price, on the condi-
tion, agreement, or understanding
that the purchaser thereof shall not
use or deai in new, used, or rebullt
products of a competitor or competi-
tors of such industry member where
the effeet of such sale or contract for
sale, or such condition, agreement, or
understanding, may be to substantial-
ly lessen competition or tend to create
referred to as the Fair Trade Amendment)
which provides that with respect to a com-
modity which bears, or the labei or contain-
er of which bears, the trademark, brand, or
name of the producer or distributor of such
commodity and which is in free and open
competition with commodities of the same
genera] class produced or distributed by
others, a seller of such a commodity may
enter into a contract or agreement with a
buyer thereof which establishes a minimum
or stipulated price at which such cemmodity
may be resoid by such buyer when such con-
tract or agreement is lawfui as applied to in-
trastatc transactions under the laws of the
State, Territory, or territorial jurisdiction in
which the resale is to be made or to which
the commodity is to be transported for such
resale, and when such contract or agree-
ment is not between manufacturers, or be-
tween wholesalers, or between brokers, or
between factors, or between retailers, or be-
tween persons, firms, or corporations in
competition with each other.
Title 16—Commercial Practices
a monopoly in any line of commerce.
{Rule 23)
$214.24 Aiding or abetting use of unfair,
trade practices.
It is an unfair trade practice for any
person, firm or corporation to aid,
abet, coerce, or induce another, direct-
ly or indirectly, to use or promote the
use of any unfair trade practice pro-
hibited by this part. [Rule 24)
PART 215—PORTRAIT
PHOTOGRAPHIC INDUSTRY
Sec.
215.0 Definitions.
Group I
215.1 Misrepresentation (general).
215.2 Deception as to character of busi-
ness.
215.3 Deception as to business status,
training, skill, etc.
215.4 Misrepresentation as to equipment
and methods used.
215.5 Misrepresentation as to finishing and
coloring.
215.6 Misrepresentatlon as to “made for
exhibit purposes.”
215.7 Misrepresentation as to “contests.”
215.8 Deceptive use of coupons.
215.9 Misuse of the word “free.”
215.10 Misuse of the term “you have been
selected,” etc.
215.11 Guarantees, warranties, etc.
215.12 Deceptive use of odd-style frames,
etc,
215.13 Misrepresentation as tc samples,
ete.
215.14 Deceptive pricing.
215.15 Deceptive use and imitation of trade
or corporato names, trade-marks, etc.
215.16 Use of lottery.
215.17 Defamation of competitors or false
disparagement of their products.
215.18 Selling below cost.
215.19 Aiding or abetting use of unfair
trade practices.
Avur#Horiry: Secs. 5, 6, 38 Stat. 721, 719; 15
U.S.C. 45, 46, unless otherwise noted.
Source: 18 FR 5506, Sept. 15, 1953, unless
otherwise noted.
§215.0 Definitions.
As used in this part the terms “in-
dustry member” and “industry prod-
uct” shall have the following mean-
ings, respectively:
(a) Industry member. Any person,
firm, corporation, or organization en-
106